We consider the problem of estimating the average treatment effect (ATE) when both randomized control trial (RCT) data and real-world data (RWD) are available. We decompose the ATE estimand as the difference between a pooled-ATE estimand that integrates RCT and RWD and a bias estimand that captures the conditional effect of RCT enrollment on the outcome. We introduce an adaptive targeted minimum loss-based estimation (A-TMLE) framework to estimate them. We prove that the A-TMLE estimator is root-n-consistent and asymptotically normal. Moreover, in finite sample, it achieves the super-efficiency one would obtain had one known the oracle model for the conditional effect of the RCT enrollment on the outcome. Consequently, the smaller the working model of the bias induced by the RWD is, the greater our estimator's efficiency, while our estimator will always be at least as efficient as an efficient estimator that uses the RCT data only. A-TMLE outperforms existing methods in simulations by having smaller mean-squared-error and 95% confidence intervals. A-TMLE could help utilize RWD to improve the efficiency of randomized trial results without biasing the estimates of intervention effects. This approach could allow for smaller, faster trials, decreasing the time until patients can receive effective treatments.

Before we talk about artificial intelligence, first. Imagine new working models and professional environments to gain in well-being, creativity, flexibility, and productivity. What are the innovative strategies to adopt while prioritizing people? How to reinvent oneself to understand current changes and the role of technology in order to remove complexity and increase employee engagement. Here is a summary of the future working models.

With the COVID-19 pandemic transforming the way we work, organizations have had to shift gears as we progress towards the'New Normal' where only'Work from Home' wouldn't suffice, and'Working from Office' completely wouldn't also be a choice, owing to the continuous scare of the virus. Such a scenario demands organizations to reinvent their working style and introduce a Hybrid Working Culture, which brings the best of both worlds to ensure a smooth transition and pave the way for the'Future of Work', which is more employee centric. With offices being shut for more than 18 months globally due to the nationwide lockdowns being announced by countries, the'Work from Home' has helmed the work reigns. While there have been mixed reviews about such work culture, there's no denying the fact that the COVID-19 pandemic has transformed the global working models, forever. The IT industry, which was the frontrunner in taking the initiative of'Work from Home,' is also set to be probably the last one to Resume'Work from Office.'

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to more and more businesses implementing digital transformation to revolutionize their customer communication systems and augment internal processes. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is playing a fundamental role in 2021 as it is being adopted by large-scale as well as small businesses and enterprises. Many businesses across industries are planning to adopt or have already adopted a digital-first business strategy for growth and scale. With the implementation of any new technology, it takes a while for businesses to truly accrue its benefits. With Robotic Process Automation (RPA), software users develop software robots, or "bots", that can learn, imitate, and then execute algorithm-based business processes thereby creating a systematic structure and reducing errors.